I don't know what you mean by 'realistic poses' 3) Hey hey hey, hold up there Betsy! I thought you wanted 'the real thing'? To both quotes: I was, on the contrary, writing that realistic poses (like the Preserving the Volume animation principle) is everything those tutorials teach you, but that's n...

These lessons aren't what I was looking for. They are more about the drawing process, creating realistic poses and cartoony movement than the animation process. What I'm looking for is a step-by-step, detailed tutorial of how to create a frame-by-frame animation the old-fashioned way, answering thes...

Please tell me where I can find tutorials or tips for 2D, frame-by-frame animations. It has to be very basic stuff, but detailed (for newbies). Please note: I'm interested only in the real thing, not cutout animation, bones-assisted animation or animation done only with rotate/scale/move tools. Than...

Thank you, neeters_guy and funksmaname.

I have one more question, even though it's the wrong forum:
- any idea if that is possible in Flash? Using any technique at all (I doubt Flash has switch layers).

Thanks, but that's not what I'm after. 1) I have a "Hand" layer. It consists of a hand animation: its fingers, from spread, gradually begin curving over "something", in a grabbing gesture. Palm faces the viewer. In the latter frames, it almost becomes a fist. 2) I also have a lon...

How do I make an animation of a hand that grabs something?
I don't know how to make the hand & fingers appear behind the object to be grabbed and then part of the fingers *in front of it* (when the hand closes).